Title aggregation patterns of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions induced by 5-fluorouracil in the nuclei of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

The effects of tamoxifen and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the patterns of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in MCF7 human breast cancer cells were studied. Tamoxifen and 5-FU both inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells by 18% by day 3 of culture, but each had different effects on the AgNORs. Whereas no significant changes were induced by tamoxifen, effects on the AgNORs of MCF-7 cells by 5-FU were dramatic: 5-FU treatment changed the pattern of AgNORs, reducing the number of satellites by aggregation, typically to a single aggregation around nucleoli in a sphenoidal fashion. We named these morphological changes: fluorouracil induced AgNOR aggregations (FAA). Following treatment with 500 ng/ml 5-FU, FAA developed rapidly, AgNORs forming two or three aggregates in 24% (6 h), 24% (12 h), 40% (24 h) and 34% (48 h) of cells, compared to a control rate of 14%. Single large aggregate was rarely found in untreated cultures but after 6, 12, 24 and 48 h treatment with 500 ng/ml 5-FU, AgNORs had formed a single aggregate in 6, 8, 16 and 22% of cells, respectively. FAA were observed at a concentration of 100 ng/ml 5-FU; 48 h treatment resulted in cells in which two or three aggregates were increased by 24% and a single aggregate by 16%. These large single aggregates were larger than nucleoli stained by Papanicolau staining.     

少数民族地区老年妇女高血脂、高血压与绝经年限关系的探讨

目的 了解湖南湘西土家、苗、汉族老年妇女绝经前后血脂含量、血压水平，探讨年龄，绝经年限与妇女血脂、血压的关系。方法 对163例绝经前后及绝经期妇女进行病史询问，对月经史着重注意绝经情况，凡绝经者均统计绝经年限，除测量血压外，分别抽取空腹静脉血，测定血脂。结果血压水平、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）与年龄、绝经年限呈正相关，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）与年龄、绝经年限无相关性，且与种族不同无相关性。结论 绝经后妇女血脂含量、血压水平随绝经年限增加而增加，HDL-C在妇女一生中水平较稳定，重视绝经后妇女心血管疾病的防治，及绝经后妇女激素替代治疗的应用，以便提高老年妇女生活质量。     

食管癌中DNA修复基因MGMT启动子区CpG岛过甲基化研究

目的：探索O~0-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶(O~6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase,MGMT)基因启动子区过甲基化状态与食管癌的关系。方法：采用甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应(methylation-specific PCR,MSP)分析食管癌、癌旁和正常食管黏膜细胞中MGMT基因启动子区过甲基化状态。用免疫组织化学SP法检测上述组织中MGMT蛋白表达情况。结果：76例食管癌组织中有26例(34.2%)MGMT基因启动子过甲基化,相应的癌旁组织中有8例发生甲基化,而正常食管黏膜细胞中均无甲基化。所有甲基化的癌组织中均无MGMT蛋白表达,而所有非甲基化的癌组织、相应癌旁组织和8例正常组织中均有MGMT蛋白表达。结论：MGMT基因启动子区过甲基化而使其蛋白表达缺失,可能是食管癌发生的重要因素。     

T淋巴细胞rDNA转录活性在恶性肿瘤中的表现及临床意义

目的 :探讨外周血T淋巴细胞rDNA转录活性在恶性肿瘤中的表现及临床意义。方法 :以外周血T淋巴细胞核仁形成区嗜银蛋白 (AG NORs)作为T淋巴细胞rDNA转录活性分析指标 ,采用KL型肿瘤免疫图像分析系统对 1 0 0例正常健康者 ,2 63例肿瘤患者外周血T淋巴细胞检测的IS %值 (T淋巴细胞核仁银染面积与细胞核面积比值 )进行分析。结果 :外周血T淋巴细胞IS %值在正常人与肿瘤患者之间的表现差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;带瘤的和不带瘤的恶性肿瘤患者之间、健康者中不同年龄组之间差异有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;不同性别的健康者及恶性肿瘤患者中、不同部位肿瘤之间、不同细胞类型肿瘤之间、肿瘤组中不同年龄组之间差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5)。结论 :外周血T淋巴细胞IS %值与肿瘤细胞的存在与否有直接的关系 ,与性别、不同部位肿瘤、不同细胞类型无关 ,可以作为恶性肿瘤辅助诊断及监测病情发展的手段之一     

三七中黄酮成分的含量测定

目的 考察不同产地，不同规格，不同采收期三七中的黄酮含量的变化规律。为三七的质量评价提供依据。方法 采用紫外分光光度法，在249nm处测定槲皮素的量。结果 不同产地，不同采收期和不同规格的三七中黄酮含量有明显差异。结论 产地，采收期和规格对三七黄酮含量具有重要影响。     

DNA analyses of the remains of the Prince Branciforte Barresi family

The five skeletons found buried in the church of Militello di Catania, Sicily, were tentatively identified by morphological analysis and historical reports as the remains of Prince Branciforte Barresi, two of his children, his brother and another juvenile member of the family (sixteenth and seventeenth centuries). In order to attempt to clarify the degree of relationships of the five skeletons, sex testing and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence analysis of the hypervariable segments I and II (HV1 and HV2) of control region were performed. Moreover, the 9 bp-deletion marker of region V (COII/tRNA ^lys) was examined. Molecular genetic analyses were consistent with historical expectations, although they did not directly demonstrate that these are in fact the remains of the Prince and his relatives, due to the impossibility of obtaining DNA from living maternal relatives of the Prince. Received: 6 April 1999 / Accepted: 27 September 1999     

核仁组成区在乳腺良恶性病变中的观察

本文用银胶染色技术对224例乳腺良、恶性病变组织进行了核仁组成区的观察,良性病变103例,其 AgNORs 数为3.12±0.18((?)±S(?));恶性病变121例,其 AgNORs 数为】7.28±0.70((?)±S(?)).两组之间差异有显著性(p<0.001),证明该技术对鉴别乳腺良恶性有一定意义。但是,良恶性之间的 AgNORs 数有少数重叠现象,故数量的多少不是绝对的。但恶性病变中 AgNORs 颗粒大小不一致,形态不规则,有畸形;而良性病变中,其颗粒大小一致。为圆形,规则,故鉴别诊断时,应注意形态的变化,不能单纯根据量的多少。特别是有重叠现象时,更应注意。     

放疗或化疗对肺癌细胞AgNOR的影响

目的探讨放疗或化疗对肺癌细胞核仁组织区嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）的影响。方法应用ＡｇＮＯＲ染色技术检测３５例未治疗肺癌和３７例化疗或放疗后肺癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒数目，并进行对比分析。结果未治疗组鳞癌、腺癌、小细胞癌ＡｇＮＯＲ数分别为４．７２±０．６８、４．２７±０．８７和５．６３±０．８２，化疗组分别为３．６７±１．０４、３．８８±０．８４和３．３４±０．９２，放疗组鳞癌和小细胞癌分别为３．６３±０．５６和３．０６±０．８５。治疗组与未治疗组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；鳞癌、小细胞癌也均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），而腺癌无明显差异。ＡｇＮＯＲ均值下降率依次为放疗、化疗组小细胞癌（３９．８７％和３４．３１％）、鳞癌（１７．１６％和１７．８４％）和化疗组腺癌（９．３１％）。结论放疗或化疗对鳞癌和小细胞癌ＡｇＮＯＲ有明显影响。     

Nucleolar organizer regions in carcinomas of the oropharynx and hypopharynx

Summary It is supposed that the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), genes on which ribosomal RNA is coded, may contain information on the structure of the nucleolus and on nucleolar activity which permits discrimination between normal and neoplastic cells and their proliferation activity. In the present study, the histological sections of 144 patients with carcinomas of the oropharynx and hypopharynx were studied in a retrospective approach to determine the absolute NOR counts per 100 nuclei and investigate their influence on the prognosis and extent of lymphogenic formation of metastases. An absolute NOR count of 681 per 100 nuclei was found to give reliable discrimination between stage NO or N1 carcinomas and stage N2 or N3 disease.     

Social isolation does not alter brain regional benzodiazepine binding site numbers,affinity and coupling in the rat

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were differentially housed for 21 days immediately after weaning. Isolated animals showed a selective suppression of exploration of the light side of a two compartment box; spending significantly less time in the light, and making fewer transitions between the light and dark compartments compared to socially reared controls. However, both basal and GABA-stimulated [³H] flunitrazepam binding was unaltered in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and cerebellum following social isolation. These results are discussed in relation to other studies on central benzodiazepine receptor changes following a variety of experimental stressors.